Skip Navigation
Major Mountain Roads, Passes and Tunnels of Europe background image

Major Mountain Roads, Passes and Tunnels of Europe

Hit the high road on some of the highest tarmac in Europe

Driving through mountain passes can be challenging, especially when you're towing a caravan or operating a larger motorhome. It's important to consider your power-to-weight ratio and the driving conditions before attempting these routes. If you have any doubts about your vehicle's suitability or the weather conditions, it's advisable to stick to motorway routes that traverse mountain ranges whenever possible.

Mountain Passes

Mountain Passes and Driving

Klausen Pass - Switzerland
Klausen Pass - Switzerland

The tables provided below indicate which passes are unsuitable for caravans and those where caravans are not permitted at all. While motorhomes generally do not fall under these restrictions, vehicles with relatively low power or excessive size should seek alternative routes. At the base of a pass, road signs may indicate access restrictions or provide advice, particularly for heavy, long or wide vehicles. Warning notices are usually displayed if a pass is closed or if the use of chains or winter tyres is mandatory.

Caravanners should pay close attention to gradients and traffic/road conditions when traversing passes. The maximum gradient typically occurs on the inside of bends, and exercise caution if you need to change lanes. Always shift to a lower gear before navigating hairpin bends and give priority to ascending vehicles. 

On mountain roads, it's not just the gradient that puts a strain on your vehicle but also the duration of the climb and the decrease in power at higher altitudes. The power loss can be as much as 10% at an altitude of 915 meters (3,000 feet) and even more as you go higher. To minimise the risk of engine overheating, it's advisable to tackle high passes during the cooler parts of the day, avoid excessive acceleration, and maintain steady engine performance. 

Stelvio Pass - Italy
Stelvio Pass - Italy

Keep an eye on the water and oil levels. In the event of a radiator overheating, safely pull off the road, turn on the heater and blower to the maximum, and switch off the air conditioning. Exercise caution when opening the bonnet, and watch out for steam when opening the radiator. Never pour cold water into a boiling radiator, as it may cause it to crack. Also, check that the radiator intake is clear of debris that may have been sucked in during the journey.

Descending over long distances can lead to overheating of the brakes. It's important to select the appropriate gear for the gradient and avoid excessive use of the brakes. Even if you're using engine braking to control your speed, be aware that the overrun mechanism on caravans may activate the brakes and cause them to overheat.

Travelling at higher altitudes can result in a pressure build-up in tanks and water pipes. To prevent this, slightly open the blade valve of your portable toilet and open a tap slightly.

Sorry, this YouTube video cannot be displayed.

The following consent is required:
Tracking & performance, Targeting & advertising.

Please note that the opening and closing dates provided in the following tables are approximate. If you plan to travel across borders during the late afternoon or early morning, make sure to check the border's opening times, as some may close at night. The listed gradients represent the maximum slopes you may encounter on the pass and maybe even steeper on the inside of curves, particularly on older roads.

Gravel surfaces, including dirt and stone chips, can vary significantly. They may be dusty when dry and slippery when wet. Where known, the presence of this type of surface has been indicated. In favourable weather conditions, winter tyres or snow chains are typically only necessary on very high passes or for short periods in early or late summer. However, during winter conditions, you will likely need to use them at altitudes above 600 meters (approximately 2,000 feet). Find out more about winter driving in our Travel Advice hub.

Tunnels

Tunnels of the Alps and Pyrenees

In Europe, long tunnels are a more common sight, especially in mountainous areas, compared to the UK. Major tunnels usually have tolls associated with their use. 

Mont Blanc Tunnel - France
Mont Blanc Tunnel - France

Strictly adhere to "No overtaking" signs and never cross central single or double lines. In twin-tube tunnels where overtaking is allowed, be cautious as it's easy to misjudge distances and speed once inside. To minimise the impact of exhaust fumes, close all car windows and set the ventilator to circulate air, or use the air conditioning system with the recycled air option.

If your vehicle breaks down, try to reach the nearest lay-by and call for assistance using an emergency phone. If reaching a lay-by is not possible, and it's safe to do so, place your warning triangle at least 100 meters behind your vehicle. Most modern tunnels are equipped with video surveillance systems to ensure prompt emergency response. It's worth noting that breakdowns in tunnels often occur due to running out of fuel, so ensure you have enough fuel before entering.

When travelling through road tunnels, it is generally required to use dipped headlights unless stated otherwise, even if the road appears well-lit. In some countries, police conduct spot checks and impose on-the-spot fines for non-compliance. During winter, wheel chains may be necessary on tunnel approaches, but they must not be used inside tunnels. Lay-bys are available for the removal and refitting of wheel chains.

Interactive Map

Interactive Map of Mountain Roads, Passes and Tunnels

Sorry, this content can not be displayed.

The following consent is required:
Required cookies, Functionality, Tracking & performance, Targeting & advertising.

Use the filter to discover the passes and mountain roads which are passable with a caravan within each region. Click on the 'MapHub' link at the bottom of the map to enlarge the map.

Embed this interactive map on your website

Please include an attribution to alanrogers.com with this graphic.

The Alps

The Alps

GrossGlockner Pass - Austria
GrossGlockner Pass - Austria

The Alps present an awe-inspiring backdrop for driving enthusiasts, featuring winding roads that meander through breathtaking landscapes.

As you embark on your driving adventure, it is important to ensure you adhere to local regulations, stay informed about road conditions, and stay updated on the weather forecast. 

By doing so, you can fully immerse yourself in the scenic beauty and experience the exhilaration of driving along these magnificent routes.

Passable with a Caravan - Alps

Name From / To Altitude / Max. Gradient Open Dates Road Name / Number Width / Height Restrictions Notes
Achenpass Achenwald (AT)
/ Glashütte (DE)
941m - 3087ft
4%
Usually Open B181/307 N/a Well-made road - Mild gradient.
Passo dell'Aprica Tresenda (IT)
/ Edolo (IT)
1176m - 3858ft
8%
Usually Open SS39 Minimum Road Width: 4m (13'1") Good road surface - Narrow in places with protruding rock - Poor weather conditions can narrow the road considerably - Extreme caution for caravanners.
Col des Aravis La Clusaz (FR)
/ Flumet (FR)
1498m - 4915ft
9%
Closed occasionally between December and March D9090 Minimum Road Width: 4m (13'1") A fairly easy road - Some single line traffic in places - Poor surface conditions on the Chamonix side.
Name From / To Altitude / Max. Gradient Open Dates Road Name / Number Width / Height Restrictions Notes
Ballon d'Alsace Giromagny (FR)
/ St Maurice-sur-Moselle (FR)
1178m - 3865ft
11%
Closed occasionally between December and March D465 Minimum Road Width: 4m (13'1") A fairly straightforward route - Narrow in places - Numerous bends.
Col Bayard Chauffayer (FR)
/ Gap (FR)
1248m - 4094ft
14%
Usually open N85 Minimum Road Width: 6m (19'8") Part of the "Route Napoléon" - Fairly easy - Steepest from the South with several hairpin bends - Negotiable North to South by caravans via D1075 and col-de-la-Croix Haute, avoiding Gap.
Passo del Bernina Pontresina (CH)
/ Poschiavo (CH)
2330m - 7644ft
12.5%
Closed occasionally between December and March 29 Minimum Road Width: 5m (16'5")
Maximum Vehicle Width: 2.25m (7'6")
Some narrow one-lane sections on the South side.
Name From / To Altitude / Max. Gradient Open Dates Road Name / Number Width / Height Restrictions Notes
Passo Del Bracco Riva Trigoso (IT)
/ Borghetto di Vara (IT)
613m - 2011ft
14%
Usually open SS1 Minimum Road Width: 5m (16'5") More severe than the height would suggest due to the number of hairpins and volume of traffic - Passing is difficult - Cross early to avoid traffic - Alternate toll route via A12 Motorway.
Brünig Pass Brienzwiler Station (CH)
/ Giswil (CH)
1007m - 3340ft
8.5%
Usually open 4 Minimum Road Width: 6m (19'8")

Maximum Vehicle Width: 2.5m (8'2")
Easy but winding route - Heavy traffic at weekends - Frequent lay-bys.
Col de Bussang Thann (FR)
/ St Maurice-sur-Moselle (FR)
731m - 2398ft
7%
Usually open N66 Minimum Road Width: 4m (13'1") Easy route with fine views.
Name From / To Altitude / Max. Gradient Open Dates Road Name / Number Width / Height Restrictions Notes
Col de Cabre Luc-en-Diois (FR)
/ Aspres-sur-Buëch (FR)
1180m - 3871ft
9%
Usually open D93/D993 Minimum Road Width: 5.5m (18') Easy route, winding towards the Col-de-Cabre.
Campolongo Pass Covara-in-Badia (IT)
/ Arabba (IT)
1875m - 6152ft
12.5%
Closed occasionally between December and March SP244 Minimum Road Width: 5m (16'5") Winding but scenic ascent - Long level summit followed by easy descent - Good surface.
Col de la Croix Haute Monestier-de-Clermont (FR)
/ Aspres-sur-Buëch (FR)
1179m - 3868ft
7%
Usually open D1075/N75 Minimum Road Width: 5.5m (18') Well-engineered road with several hairpin bends on the North side.
Name From / To Altitude / Max. Gradient Open Dates Road Name / Number Width / Height Restrictions Notes
Falzarego Pass Cortina-d'Ampezzo (IT)
/ Andraz (IT)
2117m - 6945ft
8.5%
Closed occasionally between December and April R48 Minimum Road Width: 5m (16'5") Well-engineered road with numerous blind hairpin bends - Used by coach tours, so it can get busy.
Col de la Faucille Gex (FR)
/ Morez (FR)
1323m - 4341ft
10%
Usually open N5 Minimum Road Width: 5m (16'5") Fairly winding route - Negotiable by caravans, but it might be better to follow the route via La Cure - St-Cergue - Nyon.
Fern Pass
Nassereith (AT)
/ Lermoos (AT)
1209m - 3967ft
8%
Usually open 179 Minimum Road Width: 6m (19'8") Intermittent obstructions in winter - Surface can be slippery in wet conditions - Heavy traffic on Summer weekends - Connects to Holzleiten Sattel Pass (which is not recommended for caravans) at the Southern end for onward travel to Innsbruck.
Name From / To Altitude / Max. Gradient Open Dates Road Name / Number Width / Height Restrictions Notes
Flüela Pass
Davos-Dorf (CH)
/ Susch (CH)
2383m - 7818ft
12.5%
Closed occasionally between November and May 28 Minimum Road Width: 5m (16'5")

Maximum Vehicle Width: 2.3m (7'6")
Easy ascent from Davos - Some acute hairpin bends on the Eastern side.
Col de la Forclaz
Martigny (CH)
/ Argentière (FR)
1527m - 5010ft
8.5%
Forclaz - Usually open / Montets - Closed occasionally between December and early April D1506/N506 Minimum Road Width: 5m (16'5")

Maximum Vehicle Width: 2.5m (8'2")
Long hard climb on good surfaces out of Martigny - Narrow and rough over the Col-des-Montets
Gorges-du-Verdon Castellane (FR)
/ Moustiers-Ste Marie (FR)
1032m - 3386ft
9%
Usually open D952 Minimum Road Width: appx. 5m (16'5") Passing over Col-d'Ayen and Col-d'Olivier - Moderate gradients, but slow, narrow and winding - Possibly heavy traffic.
Name From / To Altitude / Max. Gradient Open Dates Road Name / Number Width / Height Restrictions Notes
Grand St Bernard Pass Martigny (CH)
/ Aosta (IT)
2469m - 8100ft
11%
Usually closed from October to June 21/E27 Minimum Road Width: 4m (13'1")

Maximum Vehicle Width: 2.5m (8'2")
Modern road as far as road tunnel, then narrow - Suitable for caravans using the tunnel - Pass feasible for small caravans, but not recommended.
Grimsel Pass Interkirchen(CH)
/ Gletsch (CH)
2164m - 7100ft
10%
Usually closed from mid-October to late June 6 Minimum Road Width: 5m (16'5")

Maximum Vehicle Width: 2.25m (7'6")
Fairly easy modern road - Heavy traffic at weekends - Long, winding ascent with final hairpin bends - Terraced descent with six tight hairpins - Good surface - Fine views.
Großglockner High Alpine Road Bruck an der Großglocknerstraße (AT)
/ Heiligenblut (AT)
2503m - 8212ft
12.5%
Usually closed from late October to early May

107

Minimum Road Width: 5.5m (18') Well-engineered road with many hairpin bends - Moderate, but long ascent/descent - Best negotiated South to North by caravan - Avoid the sideroad to the highest point at Edelweißspitze if towing as the road is very steep and narrow - Toll charged - Road closed from 22:00 to 05:00 in summer - Alternative route via Felbertauerntunnel between Lienz and Mittersil (Toll)
Name From / To Altitude / Max. Gradient Open Dates Road Name / Number Width / Height Restrictions Notes
Jaun Pass Bulle (CH)
/ Reidenbach (CH)
1509m - 4959ft
14%
Usually open 11 Minimum Road Width: 4m (13'1")

Maximum Vehicle Width: 2.25m (7'6")
A modern but narrow road, with some poor sections on the ascent and several hairpin bends on the descent.
Julier Pass Tiefencastel (CH)
/ Silvaplana (CH)
2284m - 7493ft
13%
Usually open 3 Minimum Road Width: 4m (13'1")

Maximum Vehicle Width: 2.5m (8'2")
A well-engineered road, approached from Chur via Stils - Negotiable by caravans from North to South, but a long haul with tight hairpin bends.
Katschberg Pass Spittal-an-der-Drau (AT)
/ St Michael (AT)
1641m - 5384ft
20%
Usually open 99 Minimum Road Width: 6m (18'9") Good wide road with no hairpin bends - Steep gradients, particularly from the South - Suitable for light caravans only - Alternative route via the parallel A10/E55 and road tunnels.
Name From / To Altitude / Max. Gradient Open Dates Road Name / Number Width / Height Restrictions Notes
Larche (della Maddalena) Pass La Condamine-Chatelârd (FR)
/ Vinadio (IT)
1994m - 6542ft
8.5%
Occasionally closed between December and March D900/S21 Minimum Road Width: 3.5m (11'6") An easy road with a long steady ascent from the French side - Numerous hairpin bends on the Italian side - Ample summit parking.
Col du Lautaret Le Bourg-d'Oisans (FR)
/ Briançon (FR)
2058m - 6725ft
12.5%
Occasionally closed between December and March D1091 Minimum Road Width: 4m (13'1") A modern road, but unguarded in places - Some narrow tunnels - Passable with care by caravans.
Col des Lèques Barrême (FR)
/ Castellane (FR)
1146m - 3760ft
8%
Usually open D4085 Minimum Road Width: 4m (13'1") "Route Napoléon" - Light traffic - Excellent surface - Narrow in places on Northern ascent - Numerous hairpin bends on the Southern side.
Name From / To Altitude / Max. Gradient Open Dates Road Name / Number Width / Height Restrictions Notes
Lukmanier (Lucomagno) Pass Olivone (CH)
/ Disentis (CH)
1916m - 6286ft
9%
Usually closed from early November to late May Passo del Lucomagno Minimum Road Width: 5m (16'5")

Maximum Vehicle Width: 2.25m (7'6")
Rebuilt modern road.
Maloja Pass Silvaplana (CH)
/ Chiavenna (CH)
1815m - 5955ft
9%
Usually open 3/S37 Minimum Road Width: 4m (13'1")

Maximum Vehicle Width: 2.5m (8'2")
South-facing escarpment - Fairly easy route, but numerous hairpin bends on the descent - Negotiable by caravans, but may be difficult on the ascent.
Mauria Pass Lozzo di Cadore (IT)
/ Ampezzo (IT)
1298m - 4258ft
7%
Usually open S52 Minimum Road Width: 5m (16'5") A well-designed road with easy winding ascent/descent.
Name From / To Altitude / Max. Gradient Open Dates Road Name / Number Width / Height Restrictions Notes
Mendola Pass Appiano/Eppan (IT)
/ Sarnonico (IT)
1363m - 4472ft
12.5%
Usually open S42 Minimum Road Width: 5m (16'5") A fairly straightforward, well-guarded but winding road - Numerous hairpin bends - Take care for overhanging cliffs, especially if towing - Eastern side to Bolzano is narrow and can be difficult on busy days when it is not recommended for caravans.
Col de Mont-Cenis Lanslebourg (FR)
/ Susa (IT)
2083m - 6834ft
12.5%
Usually closed from November to May D1006/S25 Minimum Road Width: 5m (16'5") Approach via an industrial valley - Easy route with fine views - Long descent into Italy with few stopping places - Alternate route via Fréjus road tunnel.
Monte Croce di Comelico (Kreuzbergpass) San Candido (IT)
/ Santo-Stefano-di-Cadore (IT)
1636m - 5368ft
8.5%
Usually open S52 Minimum Road Width: 5m (16'5") A winding road with fine scenery - Moderate gradients.
Name From / To Altitude / Max. Gradient Open Dates Road Name / Number Width / Height Restrictions Notes
Col du Montgenevre Briançon (FR)
/ Cesana-Torinese (IT)
1850m - 6070ft
9%
Usually open N94/S24 Minimum Road Width: 5m (16'5") Some tight hairpin bends on the French side - Roads have been widened and improved on the Italian side - Some freight traffic, and caravans may have to give way to larger vehicles.
Col des Mosses Aigle (CH)
/ Château-d'Oex (CH)
1445m - 4740ft
8.5%
Usually open 11 Minimum Road Width: 4m (13'1")

Maximum Vehicle Width: 2.25m (7'6")
A modern road - Aigle side is steeper and narrower in places.
Nufenen (Novena) Pass Ulrichen (CH)
/ Airolo (CH)
2478m - 8130ft
10%
Usually closed from mid-October to mid-June Nufenenstrasse Minimum Road Width: 4m (13'1")

Maximum Vehicle Width: 2.25m (7'6")
Approach roads are narrow, but the road over the pass is good - Negotiable with care - Long drag from Ulrichen.
Name From / To Altitude / Max. Gradient Open Dates Road Name / Number Width / Height Restrictions Notes
Ofen (Fuorn) Pass Zernez (CH)
/ Santa Maria Val Müstair (CH)
2149m - 7051ft
12.5%
Usually open 28 Minimum Road Width: 4m (13'1")

Maximum Vehicle Width: 2.25m (7'6")
A good road through the Swiss National Park.
Col du Pillon Le Sépey (CH)
/ Gsteig (CH)
1546m - 5072ft
9%
Occasionally closed in January and February Rte du Pillon Minimum Road Width: 4m (13'1")

Maximum Vehicle Width: 2.25m (7'6")
A comparatively easy modern road.
Plöcken (Monte Croce Carnico) Pass Kötschach (AT)
/ Paluzza (IT)
1362m - 4468ft
14%
Occasionally closed from December to April 110 Minimum Road Width: 5m (16'5") A modern road with long reconstructed sections - Closed occasionally to caravans due to heavy traffic in summer - Possible border delays - Easier from the North, a long slow twisty pull from the South.
Name From / To Altitude / Max. Gradient Open Dates Road Name / Number Width / Height Restrictions Notes
Pordoi Pass Arabba (IT)
/ Canazei (IT)
2239m - 7346ft
10%
Occasionally closed from December to April S48 Minimum Road Width: 5m (16'5") An excellent modern road with numerous blind hairpin bends - Used by coach tours - Long drag when combined with the Falzarego Pass.
Pötschen Pass Bad Ischl (AT)
/ Bad Aussee (AT)
982m - 3222ft
9%
Usually open 145 Minimum Road Width: 7m (23') A modern road with fine scenery.
Radstädter-Tauern Pass Radstädt (AT)
/ Mauterndorf (AT)
1738m - 5702ft
16%
Occasionally closed from January to March 99 Minimum Road Width: 5m (16'5") The Northern ascent is steep but not difficult otherwise - May be negotiable by light caravans - Alternative route via parallel A10 toll road.
Name From / To Altitude / Max. Gradient Open Dates Road Name / Number Width / Height Restrictions Notes
Reschen (Résia) Pass Spondigna (IT)
/ Pfunds (AT)
1504m - 4934ft
10%
Usually open S40/180 Minimum Road Width: 6m (19'8") A good alternative to the Brenner Pass - Fine views - No stopping places.
Passo Rolle Predazzo (IT)
/ Mezzano (IT)
1970m - 6463ft
9%
Occasionally closed between December to March S50 Minimum Road Width: 5m (16'5") Numerous hairpin bends on both sides - Fine views - Good road surface.
St Gotthard (San Gottardo) Pass Göschenen (CH)
/ Airolo (CH)
2108m - 6916ft
10%
Usually closed between mid-October and early-June A2/E35 Minimum Road Width: 6m (19'8")

Maximum Vehicle Width: 2.5m (8'2")
Modern, fairly easy two/three lane road - Heavy traffic - Alternative road tunnel.
Name From / To Altitude / Max. Gradient Open Dates Road Name / Number Width / Height Restrictions Notes
San Bernardino Pass Mesocco (CH)
/ Hinterrhein (CH)
2066m - 6778ft
10%
Usually closed between October and late-June A13/E43 Minimum Road Width: 4m (13'1")

Maximum Vehicle Width: 2.25m (7'6")
An easy modern road on approaches - Narrow and winding over the summit - Suitable for caravans via the tunnel.
Col de La Schlucht Géradmer (FR)
/ Munster (FR)
1139m - 3737ft
7%
Usually open D4117 Minimum Road Width: 5m (16'5") A picturesque route through the Vosges Mountains - Easy wide bends on the descent - Good road surface.
Sestriere Paseo Cesana-Torinese (IT)
/ Pinarolo (IT)
2033m - 6670ft
10%
Usually open R23 Minimum Road Width: 6m (19'8") Fairly easy - Good road surface.
Name From / To Altitude / Max. Gradient Open Dates Road Name / Number Width / Height Restrictions Notes
Simplon Pass Brig (CH)
/ Domodóssola (IT)
2005m - 6578ft
11%
Usually closed between November and April E62/S33 Minimum Road Width: 7m (23'")

Maximum Vehicle Width: 2.5m (8'2")
An easy modern road - 13 mile long continuous ascent to summit - Good views - Numerous stopping points - Alternative rail tunnel from Kandersteg to Iselle Easter to mid-October.
Susten Pass Innertkirchen (CH)
/ Wassen (CH)
2224m - 7297ft
9%
Usually closed between November and June 11 Minimum Road Width: 6m (19'8")

Maximum Vehicle Width: 2.5m (8'2")
Heavy weekend traffic - Easy gradients and turns - East side is easier than West - Negotiable with extreme care by smaller caravans - Large summit parking area.
Paß Thurn Kitzbühel (AT)
/ Mittersill (AR)
1273m - 4180ft
8.5%
Usually open 161 Minimum Road Width: 5m (16'5")

Maximum Vehicle Width: 2.5m (8'2")
A good road with some narrow stretches - Northern approach has been much improved - Several good parking areas.
Name From / To Altitude / Max. Gradient Open Dates Road Name / Number Width / Height Restrictions Notes
Tonale Pass Edolo (IT)
/ Dimaro (IT)
1883m - 6178ft
10%
Usually open S42 Minimum Road Width: 5m (16'5") A relatively easy road - Steepest from the West - Fine views.
Passo Tre Croci Cortina-d'Ampezzo (IT)
/ Auronzo-di-Cadore (IT)
1809m - 5935ft
11%
Usually open R48 Minimum Road Width: 6m (19'8") An easy pass - Fine views.
Col de Vars St Paul-sur-Ubaye (FR)
/ Guillestre (FR)
2109m - 6919ft
9%
Usually closed between December and March D902 Minimum Road Width: 5m (16'5") An easy winding ascent/descent - 14 hairpin bends - Good road surface.
Name From / To Altitude / Max. Gradient Open Dates Road Name / Number Width / Height Restrictions Notes
Albula Pass Tiefencastel (CH)
/ La Punt (CH)
2312m - 7285ft
10%
Usually closed from November to early June Albulapass Minimum Road Width: 3.5m (11'6") Inferior alternative to the Julier Pass - Fine scenery - Alternative rail tunnel (Vereina Tunnel)
Col d'Allos
Colmars (FR)
/ Barcelonnette (FR)
2250m - 7382ft
10%
Usually closed from early November to early June D908 Minimum Road Width: 4m (13'1")

Maximum Vehicle Width: 1.8m (5'11")
Very winding, narrow, mostly unguarded pass but not difficult otherwise - Some passing bays on the Southern slope - Poor road surface.
Col de Brouis Nice (FR)
/ Col-de-Tende (FR)
1279m - 4196ft
12.5%
Usually open D2204 Minimum Road Width: 6m (19'8") Good road surface but many hairpin bends - Steep gradients on approaches - Height restriction at Col-de-Tende tunnel 3.8m (12’4)
Name From / To Altitude / Max. Gradient Open Dates Road Name / Number Width / Height Restrictions Notes
Col de la Croix
Villars-sur-Ollon (CH)
/ Les Diablerets (CH)
1778m - 5833ft
13%
Usually closed from November to May Rte du Col de la Croix Minimum Road Width: 3.5m (11'6") A narrow, winding route but extremely picturesque.
Flexen Pass Lech (AT)
/ Rauzalpe [Nr Arlberg Pass] (AT)
1784m - 5853ft
10%
Usually open 198 Minimum Road Width: 5.5m (18') The magnificent ‘Flexenstrasse’, is a well-engineered mountain road with tunnels and galleries - The road from Lech to Warth, North of the pass, is usually closed Nov-Apr due to avalanche risk.
Foscagno Pass
Bormio (IT)
/ Livigno (IT)
2291m - 7516ft
12.5%
Usually closed from November to May SS301 Minimum Road Width: 3.3m (10'10") Narrow and winding road through lonely mountains - Generally poor road surface - Long winding ascent with many blind bends - Not always well-guarded - Descent includes winding rise and fall over the Passo-d’Eira 2,200m (7,218’)
Name From / To Altitude / Max. Gradient Open Dates Road Name / Number Width / Height Restrictions Notes
Pian delle Fugazze
Rovereto (IT)
/ Valli-del-Pasubio (IT)
1159m - 3802ft
14%
Usually open SS46 Minimum Road Width: 3.5m (14'6") Very winding road with some narrow sections, particularly on the Northern side - Numerous blind bends and several hairpin bends call for extra care.
Furka Pass
Gletsch (CH)
/ Realp (CH)
2431m - 7976ft
11%
Usually closed October to June 19 Minimum Road Width: 4m (13'1")

Maximum Vehicle Width: 2.25m (7'6")
Well-graded road with narrow sections - Some single track in place on Eastern side - Several hairpin bends on both ascent and descent - Fine views of the Rhône Glacier - Beware of coaches and traffic build-up - Alternative rail tunnel (Furka Tunnel)
Gavia Pass Bormio (IT)
/ Ponte-di-Legno (IT)
2621m - 8599ft
20%
Usually closed October to July SS300/P300 Minimum Road Width: 3m (9'10")

Maximum Vehicle Width: 1.8m (5'11")
Steep, narrow, difficult road with frequent passing bays - Many hairpin bends - Occasional gravel surface - Not for the faint-hearted - Extra care necessary - Long winding ascent on Bormio side.
Name From / To Altitude / Max. Gradient Open Dates Road Name / Number Width / Height Restrictions Notes
Holzleitensattel Nassereith (AT)
/ Obsteig (AT)
1126m - 3694ft
12.5%
Usually open 189 Minimum Road Width: 5m (16'5") Road surface good on Western side; poor on the Eastern side - Light traffic - Gradients no problem.
Col de l'Iseran
Bourg-St-Maurice (FR)
/ Lanslebourg (FR)
2770m - 9088ft
11%
Usually closed mid-October to late January D902 Minimum Road Width: 4m (13'1") Second highest pass in the Alps - Well-graded with reasonable bends - Average road surface - Several unlit tunnels on Northern approach.
Col d'Izoard Guillestre (FR)
/ Briançon (FR)
2360m - 7743ft
12.5%
Usually closed late October to mid-June D902 Minimum Road Width: 5m (16'5") Fine scenery - Winding, sometimes narrow road - Many hairpin bends - Care required at several unlit tunnels near Guillestre.
Name From / To Altitude / Max. Gradient Open Dates Road Name / Number Width / Height Restrictions Notes
Pas de Morgins
Abondance (FR)
/ Monthey (CH)
1369m - 4491ft
14%
Usually open D22 Minimum Road Width: 4m (13'1") A lesser used route - Pleasant, forested countryside crossing the French/Swiss border.
Nassfeld (Pramollo) Pass
Tröpolach (AT)
/ Pontebba (IT)
1530m - 5020ft
20%
Usually closed late November to March 90 Minimum Road Width: 4m (13'1") The winding descent into Italy has been improved but is still not recommended for caravans.
Oberalp Pass
Andermatt (CH)
/ Disentis (CH)
2044m - 6706ft
10%
Usually closed November to late May 19 Minimum Road Width: 5m (16'5")
Maximum Vehicle Width: 2.3m (7'6")
Much improved and widened road - Narrow in places on Eastern side - Numerous tight hairpin bends - Long level stretch on summit.
Name From / To Altitude / Max. Gradient Open Dates Road Name / Number Width / Height Restrictions Notes
Col de Restefond
Barcelonnette (FR)
/ St. Etienne-de-Tinée (FR)
2802m - 9193ft
16%
Usually closed October to June D64 Minimum Road Width: 3m (9'10") Highest pass in the Alps - Rebuilt, resurfaced road - Rest area at the summit – Top loop narrow and unguarded - Winding with hairpin bends.
Seeberg (Jezersko) Saddle
Eisenkappel (AT)
/ Kranj (SV)
1218m - 3996ft
12.5%
Usually open B82/210 Minimum Road Width: 5m (16'5") Alternative to the steeper Loibl and Wurzen passes - Moderate climb - Winding, hairpin ascent and descent.
Splügen Pass
Splügen (CH)
/ Chiavenna (IT)
2113m - 6932ft
13%
Usually closed November to June S36 Minimum Road Width: 3.5m (11'6")

Maximum Vehicle Height: 2.8m (9'2")

Maximum Vehicle Width: 2.3m (7'6")
Mostly narrow, winding road - Extremely tight hairpin bends - Not well guarded - Care required at many tunnels / galleries.
Name From / To Altitude / Max. Gradient Open Dates Road Name / Number Width / Height Restrictions Notes
Stelvio Pass
Bormio (IT)
/ Spondign (IT)
2757m - 9045ft
12.5%
Usually closed October to late June S38 Minimum Road Width: 4m (13'1") Third highest pass in Alps - Acute hairpin bends either side - All well-engineered with a good surface - Traffic often heavy - Hairpin bends may be too acute for long vehicles.
Col de Tende (Tenda)
Borgo-San Dalmazzo (IT)
/ Tende (FR)
1321m - 4334ft
9%
Usually open SS20/D6204 Minimum Road Width: 6m (19'8") Modern well guarded road - Several hairpin bends - Road tunnel at summit with height restriction (3.8m) - Less steep on Italian side.

CARAVANS PROHIBITED IN WINTER
Turracher Höhe Pass
Predlitz (AT)
/ Ebene-Reichenau (AT)
1763m - 5784ft
23%
Usually open 95 Minimum Road Width: 4m (13'1") Formerly one of the steepest mountain roads in Austria - Much improved - Steep, fairly straightforward ascent followed by a very steep descent - Good surface and mainly two-lane traffic - Fine scenery.
Name From / To Altitude / Max. Gradient Open Dates Road Name / Number Width / Height Restrictions Notes
Umbrail Pass
Santa Maria Val Müstair (CH)
/ Bormio (IT)
2501m - 8205ft
9%
Usually closed November to early June S38 Minimum Road Width: 4.3m (14'1")

Maximum Vehicle Width: 2.3m (7'6")
Highest Swiss pass - Mostly tarmac with some gravel surface - Narrow with 34 hairpin bends.

Caravans Prohibited - Alps

Name From / To Altitude / Max. Gradient Open Dates Road Name / Number Width / Height Restrictions Notes
Arlbergpass Bludenz (AT)
/ Landeck (AT)
1802m - 5912ft
13%
Occasionally closed December to April B197/E60 Minimum Road Width: 6m (19'8") Good modern road with several pull-in places - Steeper from the West easing towards summit - Heavy traffic - Parallel road tunnel (tolls) available on E60 - Possible long queues.
Brenner (Europabrücke) Pass
Innsbruck (AT)
/ Sterzing (IT)
1374m - 4508ft
14%
Usually open A22 Minimum Road Width: 6m (19'8") Parallel toll motorway A13/A22/E45 (6%) suitable for caravans - Heavy traffic may cause delays at customs.
Col de la Cayolle
Barcelonnette (FR)
/ Guilaumes (FR)
2326m - 7631ft
10%
Usually closed early November to early June D902 Minimum Road Width: 4m (13'1") Narrow, winding road with hairpin bends - Poor road surface with broken edges and steep drops - Long stretches of single-track road with passing places.
Name From / To Altitude / Max. Gradient Open Dates Road Name / Number Width / Height Restrictions Notes
Costalunga (Karer) Pass
Bolzano (IT)
/ Pozza-Di-Fassa (IT)
1745m - 5725ft
16%
Occasionally closed between December and April S241 Minimum Road Width: 5m (16'5") A good well-engineered road - Winding with numerous blind hairpins.
Col du Galibier
La Grave (FR)
/ St Michel-de-Maurienne (FR)
2645m - 8678ft
12.5%
Usually closed October to June D902 Minimum Road Width: 3m (9'10") Mainly wide, well-surfaced road -Unprotected and narrow over summit- From Col-du-Lautaret it rises over the Col-du-Telegraphe then 11 more hairpin bends - Ten hairpin bends on descent then 5km (3.1 miles) narrow and rough - Aasier in North to South direction - Limited parking at summit.

CARAVANS NOT PERMITTED THROUGH THE SINGLE TRACK, LIGHT CONTROLLED SUMMIT TUNNEL
Gardena (Grödner Joch) Pass
Val Gardena (IT)
/ Corvara-in-Badia (IT)
2121m - 6959ft
12.5%
Occasionally closed December to June S243 Minimum Road Width: 5m (16'5") A well-engineered road - Very winding on descent - Fine views.
Name From / To Altitude / Max. Gradient Open Dates Road Name / Number Width / Height Restrictions Notes
Gerlos Alpenstrasse Zell-am-Ziller (AT)
/ Wald im Pinzgau (AT)
1628m - 5341ft
9%
Usually open B165 Minimum Road Width: 4m (13'1") Hairpin ascent out of Zell to modern toll road - The old, steep, narrow and winding route features passing bays and 14% gradient, this is not recommended but may be negotiable with care - Views of Krimml waterfalls.
Hahntennjoch Imst (AT)
/ Elmen (AT)
1894m - 6250ft
15%
Usually closed November to May Bschlaber Landstraße Minimum Road Width: 6.5m (21'3") A minor pass with wooded areas and tall pines.
Klausen Pass
Altdorf (CH)
/ Linthal (CH)
1948m - 6391ft
10%
Usually closed late October to early June 17 Minimum Road Width: 5m (16'5")

Maximum Vehicle Width: 2.3m (7'6")
Narrow and winding in places - Generally easy in spite of a number of sharp bends - Caravans prohibited between Unterschächen and Linthal.
Name From / To Altitude / Max. Gradient Open Dates Road Name / Number Width / Height Restrictions Notes
Loibl (Ljubelj) Pass
Unterloibl (AT)
/ Kranj (SI)
1067m - 3500ft
20%
Usually open SS1 Minimum Road Width: 6m (19'8") Steep rise and fall over Little Loibl Pass to 1.6km long (1 mile) tunnel under summit - The old road over the summit is closed to through-traffic.
Passo di Monte Giovo (Jaufen)
Merano (IT)
/ Vipiteno/Sterzing (IT)
2094m - 6870ft
12.5%
Usually closed November to May SS44 Minimum Road Width: 4m (13'1") Many well-engineered hairpin bends - Good scenery.
Petit-Saint-Bernard
Bourg-St-Maurice (FR)
/ Pré-St Didier (IT)
2188m - 7178ft
8.5%
Usually closed mid October to June D1090/SS26 Minimum Road Width: 5m (16'5") Outstanding scenery - Poor road surface - Unguarded broken edges near summit - Easiest from France - Sharp hairpins on climb from Italy.
Name From / To Altitude / Max. Gradient Open Dates Road Name / Number Width / Height Restrictions Notes
Sella Pass
Selva (IT)
/ Canazei (IT)
2240m - 7349ft
11%
Occasionally closed between December and January SS242 Minimum Road Width: 5m (16'5") A well-engineered, winding road - Exceptional views of the Dolomites.
Silvretta (Bielerhöhe) Pass
Partenen (AT)
/ Galtur (AT)
2032m - 6666ft
11%
Usually closed late October to early June 188 Minimum Road Width: 5m (16'5") Mostly reconstructed road - 32 easy hairpin bends on Western ascent - Eastern side more straightforward - Tolls charged.
Timmelsjoch (Rombo) Obergurgl (AT)
/ Moso (IT)
2509m - 8232ft
14%
Usually closed mid October to June 186/S44b Minimum Road Width: 3.5m (11'6") Border closed from 8pm to 7am - Toll charged - Some tunnels on Italian side too narrow for larger vehicles - Easiest North to South.
Name From / To Altitude / Max. Gradient Open Dates Road Name / Number Width / Height Restrictions Notes
Wurzen (Korensko) Pass
Riegersdorf (AT)
/ Kranjska Gora (SV)
1073m - 3520ft
20%
Usually open 201 Minimum Road Width: 4m (13'1") Steep two-lane road - Not particularly difficult - Better on Austrian side - Heavy traffic on summer weekends when delays are likely at the border.
Zirler Berg
Seefeld (AT)
/ Zirl (AT)
1009m - 3310ft
16.5%
Usually open 171 Minimum Road Width: 7m (23') South facing escarpment - Good, modern road - Heavy tourist traffic and long steep descent with one hairpin bend into Inn Valley - Steepest section from hairpin bend down to Zirl.

CARAVANS PROHIBITED NORTHBOUND - NOT RECOMMENDED SOUTHBOUND

Rail Tunnels - Alps

Name Route To / From Length / Journey Time Width / Height Restrictions Notes Contact Details
Furka Tunnel Andermatt - Brigg Realp (CH)
/ Oberwald (CH)
15.4km - 9.5m

15 Mins
Maximum Vehicle Height: 3.5m Hourly all year from 6am to 9pm weekdays; half-hourly weekends - Saturdays in February and March are exceptionally busy. Phone: +41 (0)848 642 442
Website: www.mgbahn.ch
Lötschberg Tunnel
Bern - Brigg Kandersteg(CH)
/ Goppenstein (CH)
14km - 8.7m

15 Mins
Maximum Vehicle Height: 2.9m Frequent all year half-hourly service - Advance booking usually unnecessary - Extension to Hohtenn operates when the Goppenstein-Gampel road is closed. Phone: +41 58 327 31 32
Website: www.bls.ch
Simplon Tunnel
Brig - Domodossola Brig (CH)
/ Iselle (IT)
20km - 12.5m


20 Mins

Maximum Vehicle Height: 2.5m 10 trains daily - Open all year. Phone: +41 58 327 31 32
Website: www.bls.ch
Name Route To / From Length / Journey Time Width / Height Restrictions Notes Contact Details
Tauernbahn Bad Gastein – Spittal an der Drau Böckstein (AT)
/ Mallnitz (AT)
8.3km - 5.2m
11 Mins
Maximum Vehicle Height: 3.60m (11'8")

Maximum Vehicle Width: 2.50m (8'2")

Maximum Vehicle Weight: 25 tonnes
East of and parallel to Grossglockner pass - Half-hourly service all year. Phone: +43 (0)5 1717
Website: www.oebb.at
Vereina Tunnel
Klosters – Susch Selfranga (CH)
/ Sagliains (CH)
19.6km - 11.7m


18 Mins

Maximum Vehicle Length: 12m (39.3") Half-hourly daytime service all year - Restricted capacity for vehicles over 3.30m high during winter weekends and public holidays - Steep approach to Klosters. Phone: +41 81 288 37 24
Website: www.rhb.ch

Major Road Tunnels - Alps

Name To / From Length Height Above Sea Level Width / Height Restrictions Notes Website
Arlberg Road Tunnel
Langen (AT)
/ St Anton (AT)
14km - 8.75m 1220m (4000’) Motorway vignette required.

Tolls charged.
Parallel and to the South of the Arlberg Pass, which is closed to caravans/trailers - Austria's longest road tunnel. www.arlberg.com
Bosrucktunnel Spital am Pyhrn (AT)
/ Selzthal (AT)
5.5km - 3.4m 742m (2434’) Max speed: 80 km/h (50 mph)

Motorway vignette required.

Tolls charged.
To the East of the Phyrn pass - Along with the Gleinalm Tunnel, it forms part of the A9 autobahn between Linz & Graz - Use dipped headlights - No overtaking - Occasional emergency lay-bys with telephones. www.asfinag.at
Felbertauerntunnel Mittersill (AT)
/ Matrei (AT)
5.3km - 3.25m 1525m (5000’) Maximum Road Width: 7m (23’)

Tunnel Height: 4.5m (14’9”)

Tolls charged.

B109 West of and parallel to Grossglockner pass - Downwards gradient of 9% South to North - Sharp bend before Northern exit - Wheel chains may be needed on approach from November to April. www.felbertauernstrasse.at
Name To / From Length Height Above Sea Level Width / Height Restrictions Notes Website
Fréjus Road Tunnel Modane (FR)
/ Bardonecchia (IT)
12.8km - 8m 1220m (4000’) Maximum Road Width: 9m (29'6")

Tunnel Height: 4.3m (14')

Min Speed:
60km/h (37mph)

Max Speed: 70 km/h (44 mph)

Tolls charged.
Return tickets are valid until midnight on the 7th day after the day of issue - Season tickets are available - Approach via A43 and D1006 - Heavy use by freight vehicles - Good surface on approach roads. www.sftrf.fr
Gleinalm Tunnel St Michael (AT)
/ Fiesach [nr. Graz] (AT)
8.3km - 5m 817m (2680’) Motorway vignette required.
Tolls charged.
Part of A9 Pyhrn autobahn. www.asfinag.at
Tunnel du Grand-Saint-Bernard
Bourg-St Pierre (CH)
/ Rhémy (IT)
5.8km - 3.6m 1925m (7570’) Maximum Vehicle Height: 4m (13’1”)

Maximum Vehicle Length: 18m (60’)

Min Speed: 40km/h (24 mph)

Max Speed: 80 km/h (50 mph)

Motorway vignette required.

Tolls charged
Passport check, customs & toll offices at the entrance - Breakdown bays at each end with telephones - Return tickets valid for one month. - Although approaches are covered, wheel chains may be needed in winter - Season tickets are available. www.letunnel.com
Name To / From Length Height Above Sea Level Width / Height Restrictions Notes Website
Karawanken Tunnel
Rosenbach (AT)
/ Jesenice (SV)
8km - 5m 610m (2000’) Motorway vignette required.

Tolls charged.
On A11. www.dars.si
Katschbergtunnel Unterweißburg (AT)
/ Mühlbach (AT)
5.4km - 3.5m 1110m (3642’) Tunnel Height 4.5m (14’9”)
Maximum Road Width: 7.5m (25’)

Max Speed: 100 km/h (62 mph)

Motorway vignette required.

Tolls charged.
Part of A10 Motorway. www.asfinag.at
Mont Blanc Tunnel
Chamonix (FR)
/ Courmayeur (IT)
1.6km - 7.2m 1381m (4530’) Maximum Vehicle Height: 4.7m (15’5”)
Maximum Vehicle Width: 6m (19’6”)

Min Speed: 50 km/h (31 mph)

Max Speed: 70 km/h (44 mph)
Tolls charged.
Leave 150m between vehicles - Ensure enough fuel for 30km - Return tickets are valid until midnight on the 7th day after issue - Season tickets are available. www.tunnelmb.net
Name To / From Length Height Above Sea Level Width / Height Restrictions Notes Website
Munt la Schera
Zernez (CH)
/ Livigno (IT)
3.5km - 2m 1706m (5597’) Maximum Vehicle Height: 3.6m (11’9”)

Maximum Vehicle Width: 2.5m (8’2”)
Open 24 hours - Single lane traffic controlled by traffic lights - Roads from Livogno, South to the Bernina Pass and Bormio closed between December and April. www.livigno.eu
Gotthard-Strassentunnel
Göschenen (CH)
/ Airolo (CH)
16.3km - 10m 1159m (3800’) Tunnel Height 4.5m (14’9”)

Maximum Road Width: 7.5m (25’)

Max Speed: 80 km/h (50 mph)


Motorway vignette required.

Single carriageway - No tolls, but the tunnel is part of the Swiss motorway network (A2) -  Tunnel closed 8pm to 5am Monday to Friday for periods during June and September - Heavy traffic and delays during high season. www.gotthard-strassentunnel.ch
Tunnel Maurice-Lemaire St Dié (FR)
/ Ste-Marie-aux Mines (FR)
6.8km - 4.25m 772m (2533’) Tolls charged. A former rail tunnel re-opened as a road tunnel in October 2008 - The longest road tunnel situated entirely in France. Also known as Ste-Marie-aux Mines Tunnel -  Alternate route via Col-de-Ste Marie on D459. voyage.aprr.fr
Name To / From Length Height Above Sea Level Width / Height Restrictions Notes Website
San Bernardino Tunnel
Hinterrhein (CH)
/ San Bernardino (CH)
6.6km - 4m 1644m (5396’) Tunnel Height 4.8m (15’9”)

Maximum Road Width: 7m (23’)

Max Speed: 80 km/h (50 mph)

Motorway vignette required.
On A13 motorway - No stopping or overtaking - Keep 100m between vehicles - Breakdown bays with telephones. www.tcs.ch
Tauern Road Tunnel
Flachau (AT)
/ Zederhaus (AT)
6.5km - 4m 1340m (4396’) Tunnel Height 4.5m (14’9”)

Maximum Road Width: 7.5m (25’)

Max Speed: 100 km/h (62 mph)


Motorway  vignette required.

Tolls charged.

Part of A10 Motorway. www.asfinag.at
Spain & The Pyrenees

The Pyrenees & Spain

Pyrenees
Col du Tourmalet - Pyrenees

The Pyrenees mountain range offers a spectacular setting for driving enthusiasts, with winding roads that traverse breathtaking landscapes.

Remember to check local regulations, road conditions, and weather before embarking on any driving adventure. Enjoy the scenic beauty and thrilling drives offered by these magnificent routes!

Passable with a Caravan - Pyrenees / Spain

Name From / To Altitude / Max. Gradient Open Dates Road Name / Number Width / Height Restrictions Notes
Puerto de Cabrejas Tarancon (ES)
/ Cuenca (ES)
1167m - 3829ft
14%
Usually open N400/A40 Minimum Road Width: 5m (16") Good road - Sometimes blocked by snow for 24 hours.
Port d'Envalira
Soldeu (AD)
/ Pas-de-la-Casa (AD)
2407m - 7897ft
12.5%
Occasionally closed from November to April N22/CG2 Minimum Road Width: 3.5m (11'6") Good road with wide bends on ascent and descent - Fine views - Early start recommended in summer to avoid border delays - Envalira Tunnel (toll) reduces congestion and avoids the highest part of the pass.
Guadarrama Pass Guadarrama (ES)
/ San Rafael (ES)
1511m - 4957ft
14%
Usually open NV1 Minimum Road Width: 6m (19'8") Northwest of Madrid - May be avoided by using AP6 motorway from Villalba to
San Rafael or Villacastin (toll).
Name From / To Altitude / Max. Gradient Open Dates Road Name / Number Width / Height Restrictions Notes
Ibañeta (Roncevalles) Pass
St Jean-Pied-de-Port (FR)
/ Pamplona (ES)
1057m - 3468ft
10%
Usually open N135 Minimum Road Width: 4m (13'1") Slow and winding - Scenic route.
Manzanal del Puerto
Combarros (ES)
/ Bembibre (ES)
1221m - 4005ft
7%
Usually open N-V1/A6 Minimum Road Width: Est. 4m (13'1") Sometimes blocked by snow for 24 hours.
Mirador Puerto de Orduña
Orduña-Urduña (ES)
/ Berberana (ES)
900m - 2953ft

15%

Usually open A625/BU556 Minimum Road Width: Est. 4m (13'1") Sometimes blocked by snow for 24 hours - Avoid by using AP68 motorway
Name From / To Altitude / Max. Gradient Open Dates Road Name / Number Width / Height Restrictions Notes
Puerto del Páramo de Masa
Tubilla del Agua (ES)
/ Quintanilla Sobresierra (ES)
1050m - 3445ft
8%
Usually open N623 Minimum Road Width: Est. 4m (13'1") Sometimes blocked by snow for 24 hours.
Puerto de Piqueras
Logroño (ES)
/ Soria (ES)
1710m - 5610ft
7%
Usually open N111 Minimum Road Width: Est. 4m (13'1") Sometimes blocked by snow for 24 hours.
Puerto del Pontón
Riaño (ES)
/ Cangas-de-Onis (ES)
1280m - 4200ft
10%
Usually open N625 Minimum Road Width: Est. 4m (13'1") The best approach is from the South. From the North, it is a very long uphill pull with many tight turns.
Name From / To Altitude / Max. Gradient Open Dates Road Name / Number Width / Height Restrictions Notes
Col de Port
Tarascon-sur-Ariège (FR)
/ Massat (FR)
1249m - 4098ft
10%
Usually closed between November and March D618 Minimum Road Width: 4m (13'1") A fairly easy, scenic road - Narrow on some bends.
Col de Puymorens
Ax-les-Thermes (FR)
/ Bourg-Madame (FR)
1915m - 6283ft
10%
Occasionally closed from November to April N20 Minimum Road Width: 5.5m (18") A generally easy, modern tarmac road - Parallel toll road tunnel available.
Col de la Quillane
Axat (FR)
/ Mont-Louis (FR)
1714m - 5623ft
8.5%
Occasionally closed from November to March D118 Minimum Road Width: 5m (16'5" An easy, straightforward ascent and descent.
Name From / To Altitude / Max. Gradient Open Dates Road Name / Number Width / Height Restrictions Notes
Puerto-de-San Glorio
Unquera (ES)
/ Riaño (ES)
1609m - 5279ft
12%
Usually open N621 Minimum Road Width: 4m (13'1") Desfiladero de la Hermida has good conditions to Potes - Potes to Puerto-de-San-Glorio is steep with many hairpin bends - For confident drivers only.
Somosierra Pass
Santo Tomé del Puerto (ES)
/ La Serna del Monte (ES)
1444m - 4738ft
10%
Occasionally closed from December to March A1/E5 Minimum Road Width: 7m (23') May be blocked following snowfalls - Snow-plough swept during winter
months - Wheel chains compulsory after snowfalls - Well-surfaced dual carriageway - Tunnel at the summit.
Puerto de Somport
Accous (FR)
/ Jaca (ES)
1632m - 5354ft
10%
Usually open N134/N330 Minimum Road Width: 3.5m (11'6") A favoured, old-established route - Not particularly easy - Narrow in places - Many
unguarded bends on the French side - Excellent road on the Spanish side - Use of road tunnel advised -
Re-fuel no later than Sabiñánigo when travelling South to North.
Name From / To Altitude / Max. Gradient Open Dates Road Name / Number Width / Height Restrictions Notes
Collada de Toses
Puigcerda (ES)
/ Ribes-de-Freser (ES)
1800m - 5906ft
10%
Usually open N260 Minimum Road Width: 5m (16'5") Fairly straightforward- Continuously winding, two-lane road - Good road surface - Many sharp bends - Some unguarded edges - Difficult in winter.
Name From / To Altitude / Max. Gradient Open Dates Road Name / Number Width / Height Restrictions Notes
Coll d'Ares
Prats-de-Mollo (FR)
/ Molló (ES)
1513m - 4964ft
5%
Usually open D115/C38 Minimum Road Width: Est. 4m (13'1") Sometimes closed by snow.
Col d'Aubisque
Eaux Bonnes (FR)
/ Argelés-Gazost (FR)
1710m - 5610ft
10%
Usually closed mid October to June D918 Minimum Road Width: 3.5m (11'6") Very winding - Continuous but easy ascent - Descent including Col-d’Aubisque 1709m (5607 feet) and Col-du-Soulor 1450m (4757 feet) includes 8km (5 miles) of very narrow, rough, unguarded road with steep drops.
Port de la Bonaigua
Viella [Vielha] (ES)
/ Esterri-d’Aneu (ES)
2072m - 6796ft
8.5%
Usually closed November to April C28 Minimum Road Width: 4.3m (14'1") Twisting, narrow road - Many hairpin bends - Some precipitous drops - Alternative route to Lerida (Lleida) through Viella (Vielha) Tunnel is open all year.
Name From / To Altitude / Max. Gradient Open Dates Road Name / Number Width / Height Restrictions Notes
Col de Burdincurutchet
Chapelle Saint-Sauveur d'Iraty (FR)
/ Larrau (FR)
1135m - 3724ft
11%
Usually open D18/D19 Minimum Road Width: Est. 4m (13'1") Usually combined with Col d'Haltza - A narrow road leading to Iraty skiing area - Narrow with some tight hairpin bends - Rarely has central white line - Stretches are unguarded - Not for the faint-hearted.
Puerto del Escudo
Alceda (ES)
/ Orbaneja del Castillo (ES)
1011m - 3317ft
17%
Usually open N632/A67/N611 Minimum Road Width: 5m (16'5") Asphalt surface but many bends and steep gradients. A67/N611 provides an easier route.
Col d'Haltza
St Jean-Pied-de-Port (FR)
/ Chapelle Saint-Sauveur d'Iraty (FR)
782m - 2565ft
11%
Usually open D18/D19 Minimum Road Width: Est. 4m (13'1") Usually combined with Col de Burdincurutcheta - A narrow road leading to Iraty skiing area - Narrow with some tight hairpin bends - Rarely has central white line - Stretches are unguarded - Not for the faint-hearted.
Name From / To Altitude / Max. Gradient Open Dates Road Name / Number Width / Height Restrictions Notes
Puerto de Navacerrada
Valsain (ES)
/ Navacerrada (ES)
1860m - 6102ft
17%
Occasionally closed from November to March M601/CL601 Minimum Road Width: Est. 4m (13'1") Possible, but not recommended for caravans - Sharp hairpins.
Puerto de Pajares
Campumanes (ES)
/ La Robla (ES)
1270m - 4167ft
16%
Usually open N630 Minimum Road Width: Est. 4m (13'1") Sometimes blocked by snow for 24 hours - Avoid by using AP66 motorway.
Col de Peyresourde
Arreau (FR)
/ Bagnères-de-Luchon (FR)
1563m - 5128ft
10%
Usually open D618 Minimum Road Width: 4m (13'1") Somewhat narrow - Several hairpin bends, though not difficult for smaller vehicles.
Name From / To Altitude / Max. Gradient Open Dates Road Name / Number Width / Height Restrictions Notes
Puerto de Pandetrave Portilla-de-la-Reina (ES)
/ Santa Marina-de-Valdeón (ES)
1562m - 5124ft
12%
Usually open LE245 Minimum Road Width: Est. 4m (13'1") The main street of Santa Marina is very narrow.
Portet-d'Aspet
Audressein (FR)
/ Aspet/Fronsac (FR)
1069m - 3507ft
14%
Usually open D618 Minimum Road Width: 3.5m (11'6") Approached from West by the easy Col-des-Ares (not recommended for caravans) and Col-de-Buret - Well-engineered but
narrow road - Care needed on hairpin bends.
Col du Pourtalet
Laruns (FR)
/ Biescas (ES)
1792m - 5879ft
10%
Usually closed from late October to early June A136/D934 Minimum Road Width: 3.5m (11'6") A fairly easy, unguarded road - Narrow in places - Easier from Spain via the A136 - Steeper in France via the D934.
Name From / To Altitude / Max. Gradient Open Dates Road Name / Number Width / Height Restrictions Notes
Col du Tourmalet
Ste Marie-de-Campan (FR)
/ Luz-St Sauveur (FR)
2114m - 6936ft

12.5%

Usually closed October to mid June D918 Minimum Road Width: 4m (13'1") The highest French Pyrenean route - Approaches good, though winding - Narrow in places - Exacting over summit - Sufficiently guarded - Rough surface & uneven edges on west side.
Urquiola (Urkiola) Pass
Durango (ES)
/ Otxandio (ES)
713m - 2340ft
16%
Usually open BI623/A623 Minimum Road Width: Est. 4m (13'1") Sometimes closed by snow for 24 hours.

Road Tunnels - Pyrenees

Name To / From Length Height Above Sea Level Width / Height Restrictions Notes Website
Túnel de Bielsa-Aragnouet
Aragnouet (FR)
/ Bielsa (ES)
3.2km - 2m 1830m (6000’) No tolls. Open 24 hours but occasionally closed between October and Easter - French side (D173) generally has a good road surface but is narrow with steep hairpin bends and steep gradients near the summit - Often no middle white line - Spanish side (A138) has good width and is less steep and winding - Used by heavy vehicles. www.bielsa-aragnouet.org
Túnel del Cadí
Bellver de Cerdanya (ES)
/ Berga (ES)
5km - 3m 1220m (4000’) Tolls charged. West of Toses (Tosas) pass on E9/C16 - Link from La Seo de Urgel to Andorra - Excellent
approach roads - Heavy weekend traffic.
www.tunelsbarcelonacadi.cat
Envalira Tunnel
Pas de la Casa (AD)
/ El Grau Roig (ES)
2.8km - 1.75m 2000m (6562’) Tunnel Width: 8.25m (27')

Tolls charged.
On N22/CG2 France to Andorra. www.tuneldenvalira.com/en
Name To / From Length Height Above Sea Level Width / Height Restrictions Notes Website
Tunnel du Puymorens Ax-les-Thermes (FR)
/ Puigcerda (ES)
4.8km - 2.9m 1515m (4970’) Maximum Vehicle Height: 3.5m (11’6”)

Tolls charged.
Part of Puymorens pass on N20/E9 N/a
Túnel de Somport
Urdos (FR)
/ Canfranc (ES)
8.6km - 5.3m 1116m (3661’) Tunnel Height 4.55m (14’9”)

Maximum Road Width: 10.5m (34’)

Max Speed: 90 km/h (56 mph)

No tolls.
Leave 100m between vehicles - On N134 (France), N330 (Spain) N/a
Túnel de Viella
Vielha [Viella] (ES)
/ Pont de Suert (ES)
5.2km - 3.2m 1635m (5390’) Tunnel Height 5.3m (17'3")

Maximum Road Width: 12m (39’3")

Max Speed: 80 km/h (50 mph)

No tolls.
3-lane, well-lit, modern tunnel on
N230 - Gentle gradients on both sides - Good road surface - Narrow on approach from
Vielha
N/a
Gradients

Gradient Conversion Table

Road gradients can be expressed using ratios or percentages to describe the change in elevation over a certain distance. Both ratios and percentages provide a way to quantify the steepness or incline of a road segment, but they represent the information in different formats: 

Ratios: A road gradient expressed as a ratio compares the vertical change (rise) to the horizontal distance (run). For example, a road with a gradient of 1:20 means that for every 1 unit of vertical rise, there is a horizontal run of 20 units. 

Percentages: A road gradient expressed as a percentage represents the vertical rise relative to the horizontal distance as a proportion of 100. It is calculated by dividing the vertical rise by the horizontal distance and multiplying by 100. For example, a road with a gradient of 5% means that for every 100 units of horizontal distance, there is a vertical rise of 5 units. 

Low Gear Now
Low Gear Now
Percentage Ratio
20% 1 in 5
16.5% 1 in 6
14% 1 in 7
12.5% 1 in 8
11% 1 in 9
10% 1 in 10
9% 1 in 11
8% 1 in 12
7.5% 1 in 13
7% 1 in 14
6.5% 1 in 15
Disclaimer

Disclaimer

The information contained on this page is from multiple sources, including The Caravan and Motorhome Club, The AA, The RAC, and other motoring and tourism organisations. Updates and revisions are contributed by caravanners and tourers who have personally used the passes and tunnels. Alan Rogers Travel has not independently verified the information in these tables and cannot be held responsible for their accuracy, errors, omissions, or their consequences.